利用rewrite重写规则屏蔽蜘蛛抓取网站

限制蜘蛛抓取可以用robots.txt，但是并非所有蜘蛛都会严格遵守，所以robots.txt也可以认为是“君子”协议，非“君子”可能一样会抓取，所以要用rewrite方式直接拒绝访问。

注：规则中HTTP_USER_AGENT默认屏蔽部分不明蜘蛛，要屏蔽其他可以进行修改，比如要屏蔽百度抓取，在HTTP_USER_AGENT里面添加baiduspider。

apache的规则规则如下：

<IfModulemod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "SemrushBot|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|curl|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu" [NC]
RewriteRule !(^robots\.txt$) - [F]
</IfModule>

windows2003 iis6规则：

RewriteCond%{HTTP_USER_AGENT}(SemrushBot|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|curl|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu)[NC]RewriteRule!(^/robots.txt$)-[F]

windows2008 iis7及以上版本web.config规则如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.webServer>
     <rewrite>  
       <rules>         
         <rulename="Block spider">
          <matchurl="(^robots.txt$)"ignoreCase="false"negate="true"/>
           <conditions>
               <addinput="{HTTP_USER_AGENT}"pattern="SemrushBot|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|curl|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu"ignoreCase="true"/>
          </conditions>
          <actiontype="CustomResponse"statusCode="403"statusReason="Forbidden"statusDescription="Forbidden"/></rule>
       </rules>  
      </rewrite>  
     </system.webServer></configuration>

附各大蜘蛛名字：
google蜘蛛：googlebot
百度蜘蛛：baiduspider
yahoo蜘蛛：slurp
alexa蜘蛛：ia_archiver
msn蜘蛛：msnbot
bing蜘蛛：bingbot
altavista蜘蛛：scooter
lycos蜘蛛：lycos_spider_(t-rex)
alltheweb蜘蛛：fast-webcrawler
inktomi蜘蛛：slurp
有道蜘蛛：YodaoBot和OutfoxBot
热土蜘蛛：Adminrtspider
搜狗蜘蛛：sogou spider
SOSO蜘蛛：sosospider
360搜蜘蛛：360spider